Travel, Americas, Special Report

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In addition, the terms “youth” and “juvenile” are not synonymous. The term “youth” is more general than the term “juvenile,” which is a legal designation statutorily defined within each state. For further discussion of the definitional considerations pertaining to “youth” and “street” gangs, see “What is a gang? ” in NGC’s Frequently Asked Questions section. The NYGS is based on a nationally representative sample of more than 2,500 law enforcement agencies serving larger cities, suburban counties, smaller cities, and rural counties. The average annual response rate was approximately 85 percent for the entire sample, as well as within each area type. More than 95 percent of the agencies have reported gang-related survey data at least once over the previous three survey cycles. Hereafter, larger cities refers to cities with populations of 50,000 or more, and smaller cities refers to cities with populations between 2,500 and 49,999. Study population refers to the entire group of jurisdictions that the current sample represents; that is, all jurisdictions served by county law enforcement agencies and all jurisdictions with populations of 2,500 or more served by city (e.g., municipal) police departments. Sixty-three percent of the agencies in the 2002-2012 NYGS sample were also surveyed from 1996 to 2001, permitting a longitudinal assessment of gang problems in a large number of jurisdictions. Standard questions asked each year include the following in these charts: the presence or absence of gang activity, the number of gangs and gang members, the number of homicides involving gangs, and the assessment of the gang problem from the previous year. Other questions asked are also included in these charts; however, these questions are asked intermittently and not every survey year. The questions include year of gang onset, demographic characteristics of gang members, gang unit operation, gang member migration patterns, gang-related offenses, definitional characteristics of a gang, and designations of gang membership.




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